Linux : Cammand Linux ค้นหาไฟล์หรือ Directory

200910 Jun

Find

ค้นหา directory หรือ ชื่อไฟล์ใน directory ที่ต้องการค้น ทำไมช่างลำบากยากเข็นกับ command ตัวของกระผมเองยังจำไม่ได้หมดเลยทำไว้เป็นชุดคำสั่งไว้สำหรับกันลืมแล้วก้อเอาแบ่งปันความรู้ให้กับท่านอื่นๆ ที่ใช้ Linux command "." หมายถึง current directory ในการกรณีไม่ใส่ path ในการค้นหา

find . -name "[file name or directory name]" -print

Ex: find  /home/kritr/sitename/  -name "*templates.*.*" -print

Ex: find . -name "*xapian*.*" -print

// look up in current directory and subdirectory to find out where is filename or directory contain the word "xapian" in.

Find wording

find  /export/web/code/ -exec grep -l "<div id=\"newuser\">"  {} \;

// ค้นหาในคำ <div id="newuser"> ทุกไฟล์ใน  /export/web/code/

find . -exec grep -l "postcode" {} \;  

// find "postcode" wording in every file, in current directory.

find /home/username/HEAD/production/cust/templates  -exec grep -l "postcode" {} \;  

 //find "postcode" wording in every file, in specific directory

Find and Replace wording

It seems like find wording command, but we use "sed" command instead.

find [directory] -name [specify name] -exec sed -i "s/[find string]/[replace with]/g" {} \;

 // syntax

 find . -name "data.rec" -exec sed -i "s/containsproducts/categorylist/g" {} \;

 // find file name is "data.rec" in current directory and replace string "containsproducts" with "categorylist"

Find and Sort by last modified

It's useful when we would like to check the latest update. Go to directory you would like to check, the run command follow instruction below:   

find . -type f -mtime -[day] -ls | sort -k8,9r

// syntax find = look at present date to previous date [day] and sort with column 8 and 9

find . -type f -mtime -1 -ls | sort -k8,9r

// check yesterday to today and sort by month and day

find . -type f -mtime -3 -exec ls --full-time  {} \; | sort -k6,7

Find and Get the size of all directories in the current directory

find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -print | xargs du -sk | sort -rn 

// maxdepth 1 = only category under current directory

// -type d = only directory

// xargs = pass list of directory to du command

Find, then copy to one directory

find [path-looking] -name "[keyword]" -exec cp [--parents] -r {} [destination]\;

 path-looking: directory or folder that we would like to look for (e.g. production/generic/wireframe/USdummycontent)

 keyword: wording to specific to find (e.g. data.rec, ae, wz*.*)

  --parents: append source path to DIRECTORY

  -r: copy directories recursively

  destination: directory or folder you would like to copy to

 Example:

find production/generic/site/language/  -name "fr" -exec cp --parents -r {} only_th/ \; 

 (copy all fr folders to only_th folder)

Find, then copy to the same directory

find [path] -name "[keyword]" | awk '{print "cp -r "$1" "$1";"}' | sed "s/[keyword]\;/[newkeyword]/g" | sh

Ex:find . -name "en" | awk '{print "cp -r "$1" "$1";"}' | sed "s/en\;/ae/g" | sh